{"id":9396,"date":"2018-08-03T19:22:00","date_gmt":"2018-08-03T17:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carnisostenibili.cvdemo.online\/en\/?p=9396"},"modified":"2018-08-03T19:22:00","modified_gmt":"2018-08-03T17:22:00","slug":"fao-and-livestock-the-gleam-project","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.carnisostenibili.it\/en\/fao-and-livestock-the-gleam-project\/","title":{"rendered":"FAO and livestock: the GLEAM project"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Among the FAO\u2019s many activities, the GLEAM project is certainly noteworthy. It assesses the environmental impacts of meat production, identifying possible improvement strategies.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

The GLEAM project<\/strong>, also known as “Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model<\/strong>“, assesses the environmental impacts <\/strong>of worldwide meat production<\/strong> by means of the life cycle analysis<\/strong> with the aim of identifying possible improvement strategies<\/strong>. It provides in depth information and official documents on the GLEAM project website<\/a>, in order to present the data<\/strong> and relevant conclusions especially regarding greenhouse gas emissions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

A first consideration concerns the overall emissions of the livestock sector<\/strong>, estimated at 7,000 million tonnes per year (7 Gt), which is equal to approximately 14%<\/strong> of human-generated greenhouse gas emissions<\/strong>. This value also includes emissions associated with land-use change<\/strong>, which occurs when forests are replaced with pastures or fields for cultivating the raw materials required for producing animal feed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

As regards to the various types of meat, a high level of environmental impact is generated by bovines<\/strong> (beef cattle and dairy cows), due to the methane emissions<\/strong> from enteric fermentation, which alone account for approximately 40% of the total. The most significant areas in terms of emissions are South America <\/strong>and Southeast Asia<\/strong> (25% each), Europe<\/strong> and North<\/strong> America<\/strong> (10% each).<\/p>\n

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An important aspect concerns the differences in production of the various geographic areas, both in terms of the species<\/strong> reared<\/strong> and breeding systems <\/strong>adopted: the main breed raised in South America<\/strong> is beef cattle<\/strong>, that are mostly reared with extensive farming<\/strong>; in Asia<\/strong> the production focuses on dairy cattle<\/strong> and pigs<\/strong>; North<\/strong> America<\/strong> is a major producer of beef cattle<\/strong> by means of \u201cindustrial\u201d livestock <\/strong>production systems, while production in Europe<\/strong> is semi-intensive<\/strong> and is quite evenly distributed amongst the species, with a slight predominance towards pig farming<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

These variations in terms of production<\/strong> obviously correspond to differences in terms of emissions<\/strong>. The emissions<\/strong> per unit of production are higher<\/strong> in countries in which extensive farming <\/strong>prevails than in countries that adopt more \u201cindustrial\u201d livestock production systems. However it is important to note that excessive production efficiency <\/strong>research may compromise the safety of meat products<\/strong> (use of illicit substances) or animal welfare<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

An agricultural policy for improving the sustainability of the livestock sector<\/strong> must be regulated to meet the needs of the areas in question. For example, a reduction of consumption per capita <\/strong>is advisable in areas with high overall consumption levels (i.e. North America<\/strong>); while in areas with low environmental impacts and that comply with nutritional recommendations such as Europe<\/strong>, the most important aspect is animal welfare<\/strong>, for which improvement measures are certainly possible.<\/p>\n

The Sustainable Meat Project<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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